U.S. markets were volatile but encouraging last week, as investors balanced upbeat corporate earnings with slowing growth and persistent inflation concerns. Markets ended the week on a positive note, with major benchmark indexes the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq Composite gaining 0.67%, 0.77%, and 1.36%, respectively. Falling oil prices early in the week, driven by hopes of progress in U.S.-Iran talks, helped improve market sentiment and reduced concerns about rising energy costs.

The economic data painted a mixed picture. Durable goods orders rose just 0.3% in June, well below expectations, and consumer confidence slipped to 90.8 in July from 92.2 in June, suggesting that Americans remain cautious despite a generally healthy economy. The biggest event came on Wednesday when the Federal Reserve kept interest rates unchanged at 3.5-3.75%. While the decision was widely expected, policymakers acknowledged that inflation remains a challenge, especially after recent geopolitical tensions pushed up energy prices. Second-quarter GDP grew 1.5%, down from 2.1% in the first quarter, signaling slower economic growth.

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